Histopathological Alteration in Detoxifying Organs (Liver and Kidney) of Freshwater Fish Ctenopharyngodon idella Exposed to Lufenuron

Abstract

The experimentation was designed to investigate the harmful effects of the widely used insecticide lufenuron on freshwater fish Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The objective of this experimental study is an “analysis” of histopathological abnormalities in the liver and kidney of Grass carp. The research was accomplished in the Aquaculture, genetic toxicity, and molecular biology laboratory, Department of Zoology at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. A total of 40 fish, with an average weight of 50-100g, were isolated to lufenuron at concentrations of 0µg/L, 2µg/L, 3µg/L, and 4µg/L, respectively, for 33 days. Three samplings were done at 11, 22, and 33 days, respectively. The liver tissues of affected fish under the microscope show various alterations, including hepatocellular vacuolization, eccentric nuclei, severe vacuolation, vascular dilation, eccentric nuclei, and hepatocyte hypertrophy. At the same time, the tissues in the control group were unaffected. Light microscopic studies revealed various histological changes in the kidney, such as vacuolar degeneration, (MGC) mild glomerulus congestion, (TD) tubular degeneration, (MMC) melano macrophage centers, (DGC) degenerated glomerulus capillaries and necrosis.